Who vs Whom

Who is normally used as the subject of a sentence.

  • Who called you?
  • Who is coming?
  • Who wrote this article?

Whom is traditionally used as the object.

  • Whom did you invite?
  • To whom should I send the letter?
  • Whom did she meet?

The simple test

If you could answer with he/she/they, use who.

If you could answer with him/her/them, use whom.

In everyday modern English, particularly informal speech, who is often used instead of whom.